Subject of academic discipline: physical processes of laser generation in different types of lasers
The subject is based on the following disciplines: general physics (quantum mechanics); higher mathematics.

CONTENT OF EDUCATIONAL DISCIPLINE

Section 1. Raylight welding
Section 2 Thermal radiation laws. Einstein's postulates. Laser light generation.Kirchhoff's Law. Stefan-Boltman's Law. Win's displacement Law. Planck's Law of radiation.
Section 3. Power of laser radiation. Lambert-Bouguer-Ber law. Optical excitation of the laser medium. Excitation by an electronic shock. Stimulated emission.
Section 4. Theory of laser beams. Interference and diffraction of light. Huygens - Fresnel principle. Fresnel zone. Spatial coherence. Sustained and unstable resonators. Gaussian beam, its parameters and properties. Properties of a laser beam formed in an unstable resonator. Fraunhofer diffraction. Light fibers.
Section 5. CO₂ laser. Gain medium of a CO₂ laser. Structure of volatile levels of CO₂ and N₂. Processes of excitation and resettlement. CO₂ laser with thermal conductivity of planar structure. Single-channel and multi-channel tubular CO₂ lasers. CO₂-lasers with convective cooling. Electrode systems in CO₂ - lasers.
Section 6. Solid-state optical pumping lasers. Ruby laser. ND-YAG laser. Rod and disk lasers. Fiber lasers. Modulated Q-Mode. Q-factor modules.
Section 7. Semiconductor laser. Formation of zones from atomic levels. Luminescence of semiconductors. Laser diode.
Section 8. Eximer lasers.
Section 9. Causes of instability of laser beam parameters. Causes of power instability. Instability of the divergence angle.

Methodical instructions from laboratory works to the study of the discipline "Physics of lasers"
1. Research of lens and mirror optical circuits.
2. Introduction to the technological laser complex.
3. Study of the dependence of generation power on the pumping power of a solid-state laser.
4. Study of the conditions of focusing of a laser beam formed in a stable resonator.
5. Definition of the characteristics of the focused laser beam.
6. Study of the structure of single- and multi-wavelength solid-state lasers.
7. Study of the structure of single-channel CO₂ lasers with heat conduction cooling.
8. Investigation of the structure of CO₂-lasers with convective cooling by axial pumping.
9. Study of the structure of CO₂-lasers with convective cooling by transverse pumping.